Method and apparatus for the continuous manufacture of yarn from textile staple fibers



Feb. 18, 1964 L. EK ETAL 3,121,306

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURE OF' YARN FROM TEXTILE STAPLE FIBERS Filed Nov. 7, 1962 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 18, 1964 L. zv'EK ETAL 3,121,306 FOR TRE CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURE 0F YARN FROM TEXTILE STAPLE FIBERS METHOD AND APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet Filed NOV. 7, 1962 INVENTOR5 en ld ma: Ene /ffurg Fra rtg/5467.! M Eff@ flecr 3,121,306 TURE Feb. 18, 1964 L. cvzzvEK ETAL METHOD ANO APPARATUS EOR THE CONTINUOUS MANUFAO OF YARN FROM TEXTILE sTARLE FIBERS 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Nov. 7, 1962 INVENTORJ United States Patent Oli ice izlh Patented Feb. 18, 1964 METHOD AND APPARATUS FR THE CGNTiNU- @US MANUFACURE F YARN FRQM TEXTILE STAPLE FEBERS respeta naar, ank teaser, Franssen esta, .ma .regar Ripka, Usti nad Gritti, Czechoslovakia, assignors to Vyzknmny ustav harlni'shy, Usti nad rlici, Czecho- Slovakia Fiied Nov. 7, i962, Ser. No. 235,@79 Claims priority, application Czechoslovakia Nov. 9, i961 5 Claims. (Ci. 57h-58.59)

The object of this invention is a method and an arrangement for the continuous manufacturing of yarn from textile staple material, where due to the action of an air stream the fibres are separated from the supplied bundle of libres and conveyed by means of a tube to the collecting surface oi a rotating spinning chamber, from which they are continuously taken-oli by means of a takeoff device in the shape of a twisted yarn.

There are known methods for a continuous manufacture of yarn from textile staple material, where the twisting is performed separately lfrom the Winding-on- They use a supply device, which supplies the bundle of iibres. The individual libres are separated from the bundle mostly by an air stream and supplied by means of a supply tube to a rotating spinning chamber, where they are deposited on the place of the largest diameter on the inner circumterence in the shape of a libre band. The proper yarn is formed by twisting the thus deposited material due to the rotation of the spinning chamber. The yarn is taken-off by means of a take-ot device and is Wound on a bobbin.

A common drawback of all known recent methods for spinning of textile staple material which are based on the lav/s for forming the yarn is a rotating spinning chamber is, that the twist is given to the yarn in the opposite direction to the direction ot rotation or the spinning chamber, against the wall of -whichthe yarn is pressed due to centrifugal force. ln case of an increase or the rotating speed of the spinning chamber the centrifugal force increases, prevents the turning of the yarn around its axis in the course of twisting, which leads to frequent ruptures, unt-il the take-oit of the yarn is prevented at a speed which is not higher than that of classical spinning method. Thus the spinning speed is limited and the arrangement ldoes not work economically.

A further drawback is, that for all known new arrangements, the supply tube enters the space of the spinning chamber at the centre in its axis of rotation and terminates in the chamber either without any bend so that a parallel depositing of the libres in a band is not safeguarded or the supply tube is bent in the direction of the rotation of the spinning chamber and terminates in the neighbourhood of the collecting surface, Awhere the libres are deposited in the shape of a band. This arrangement is more advantageous, however, namely in case of a smaller diameter the supply tube prevents the acceleration ci the libres in the course of their passage through the supply tube. ln addition this arrangement =is rather pretentious for manufacture.

There is a known system comprising a supply device, a rotating spinning chamber and a take-off device, where between the rotating spinning chamber and the take-olii device an additional rotational body is inserted, which rotates in the same direction, however slower than the spinning chamber, and which is provided with a clamp. In the part of the yarn between the spinning chamber and the take-oil device a false twist is created. In case the rotational body turns in the same direction as the spinning chamber, the yarn is in the course of the creation of the false twist between the spinning chamber and the rotational body untwisted and in the part between the rotational body and the take-oft device twisted. Contrary to that in case the rotational tbody turns in the opposite direction with respect to the spinning chamber, the yarn is in the part between the spinning chamber and the rotational body twisted and in the part between the rotational body and the takeoff device untwisted.

A drawback of this arrangement is that the false twist is created outside the proper spinning chamber. As the spinninfr chamber has a narrowed take-oit port which rotates together with the chamber, the passage of the false twist into the part of the yarn which is still in the chamber, is prevented, in which place it is mostly needed in order to reduce the influence of the centrifugal force and to prevent the breaking of the yarn. The advantages of the whole device gained by the false twist are thus reduced.

A further drawback of this arrangement is that in case oi a break in the yarn, the introduction of a new yarn over the tube and the clamps in the rotational body into the rotating spinning chamber is rather dilT-icult in order to continue the spinning process.

The said drawbacks are removed by the object of this invention which provides a method for a continuous manufacture of yarn from textile staple material where a false twist is given to the twisted yarn in the rotating spinning chamber.

The corresponding device for carrying out this method comprises a rotating spinning chamber ywith a funnel shaped body, arranged within said spinning chamber and coaxially therewith and placed behind the collecting surface the direction oi the take-ot of the twisted yarn, which funnel shaped body narrows in the take-off direction of the twisted yarn towards the take-oil port for the removal of the twisted yarn. The funnel shaped body can receive some rotational movement. The supply tube entering through the stationary cover into the rotating spinning chamber is straight in Iits part passing the cover in the direction towards the collecting surface, whereby the direction of this part can be inclined, askew or parallel with respect to the axis of rotation of the spinning chamber. The supply tube can also have the shape of a channel in the stationary cover of the rotating spinning chamber.

An advantage of the method according to this invention is, that the false twist is given to the yarn directly -w-ithin the rotating spinning chamber, i.e.. at the place where there is the largest possibility of an interruption of the continuous manufacture of yarn. The false twist increases temporarily the twist of the yarn, helps to withstand the influence of the centrifugal force, `which presses the yarn against the inner surface of the spinning chamber in the course of its rotation and enables the twisting, so that a frequent breaking is prevented. The main advantage is, that it is thus possible to manufacture the yarn at high speed.

The arrangement of the supply tube in the rotating spinning chamber insures that the supply tube terminates in the spinning chamber close to the collecting surface, so that the fibres are deposited on this collecting surface in a parallel direction.

Embodiments of this invention are by way of example shown in the accompanying drawings where:

FlG. 1 represents a rotating spinning chamber including the object of this invention in xial cross section;

FIG. 2 is the same arrangement in top view;

FIG. 3 is another arrangement in axial cross section;

lFIG. 4 is a further arrangement in axial cross section;

FIG. 5 is another alternative arrangement in cross section; and

FIG. 6 is a schematic layout of the spinning chamber with the supply and take-off devices.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 the arrangement for a continuous manufacture of yarn from staple material comprises supply rolls 1 which supply the textile staple material 2, close to which rolls there is a stationary supply tube 3 terminating in the rotating spinning chamber d, outside of Iwhich there is the take-off device comprising a pair of rolls 5 for the removal of the twisted yarn 6.

The rotating spinning chamber 4 is a hollow rotational body with a collecting surface 7 and a take-off port 8. The rotating spinning chamber 4 is in its entrance part provided with a stationary cover 9. The supply tube 3 has a flattened inlet end 3a and an intermediate part 3b which passes through the stationary cover 9 into the spinning chamber 4 in an oblique direction with respect to the axis of rotation O, and terminates at its outlet end 3c in the neighborhood of the collecting surface 7 of the spinning chamber, the supply tube being straight in the portion extending from the point of contact with the stationary cover 9 into the rotating spinning chamber 4. rIhe outlet part 3c of this supply tube 3 terminates in a bend corresponding to the curvature of the collecting surface '7 of the rotating spinning chamber 4. The collecting surface 7 is provided with channels 1@ which are designed so as to produce in the course of rotation of the spinning chamber yda reduced pressure, required for the separation `of the fibres from the bundle 2 of the textile staple iibres and for their conveying viathe supply tube 3 to the collecting surface 7 of the rotating spinning chamber.

A funnel-shaped body 11 is provided coaxially within the rotating spinning chamber i situated behind the collecting surface 7 in the direction of the take-off of the twisted yarn 6, said funnel shaped body narrowing in the direction of take-off of the twisted yarn 6. The enlarged section 13 of the funnel shaped body 11 covers in part the take-off part 1d of the rotating spinning chamber d. The funnel shaped body 1 1 is either stationary or it can rotate in one or the other direction.

Another embodiment of the object of this invention is shown in FIG. 3. lt comprises a rotating spinning chamber 15 into which a rotating supply tube 16 terminates in its axis O1 of rotation. The rotating supply tube 16 terminates by means of two channels 16 beyond the axis O1 of rotation of the spinning chamber 15 into the space opposite its collecting surface 17 and which channels 13 create due to their rotation a reduction of pressure, which conveys the ibres over the channels 18 to the collecting surface 17 of the rotating spinning chamber 15. The collecting surface v17 is contrary to the previous arrangement smooth, without any channels or openings. The funnelshaped body 19 is in this case situated behind the rotating spinning chamber 15 in the direction of the take-Gif of the twisted yarn 6. As in FIGS. l and 2, the funnel-shaped body may either be stationary or may rotate in one or the other direction.

Another arrangement is shown in FlG. 4, wherein the supply tube 3 enters the rotating spinning chamber 4 parallel to its axis O of rotation.

FIG. 5 is a further alternative arrangement, wherein instead of the supply tube 3 there is a channel 21 arranged directly in the stationary cover 9 of the spinning charnber d.

The arrangements according to FIGS. l, 2 and 4 work in the following manner:

The bundle of textile staple bres 2 is supplied by means of the supply rolls 1 to the flattened end 3a of the supply tube 5. Due to the rotation of the spinning chamber d a reduction of pressure is created therein, which causes a draft of air in the supply tube 3. The fibres are taken along by the air stream, pass through the tube 3 and are deposited in the shape of a band 2d at the collecting surface 7 of the rotating spinning chamber 4.

After introduction of an auxiliary `means (not shown) or of yarn into the rotating spinning chamber 4 and after its close contact at some place on the collecting surface 7 with the fibre band Ztl, a continuous twisting of the libre band 2d takes place due to the rotation of the spinning chamber 4 in the course of take-off of the auxiliary yarn, creating thus Athe twisted yarn 6. The thus created twisted yarn 6, taken along by the rotating spinning chamber i is taken-olf over the inner surface of the enlarged part of the funnel-shaped body 11, over which the yarn is rolled and receives a false twist, created due to the different speeds of the twisted yarn 6 at the place where it is formed and of the place, where the twisted yarn 6 comes to the enlarged section 13 of the funnel-shaped body 11. The twisted yarn is removed from the rotating spinning chamber 4 over the outlet port 12 of the funnel shaped body 11 due to the pull of the take-off rolls 5. Due to the circumstances that the supply tube 3` enters the rotating spinning chamber i4 askew, inclined or parallel with respect to its axis O of rotation, and the part 3b of the supply tube (3 is from the place of its support in the stationary cover 9 straight, a parallel depositing of the fibres on the collecting surface in a band 2t? is safeguarded without loss of speed in the air stream in the supply tube.

The arrangement according to .-FfG. 3 works in a similar way. The libres are supplied to the collecting surface 17 of the rotating spinning chamber 15 over channels 1S of the rotating part of the supply tube 16 and are deposited on the collecting surface 17 of the rotating spinning chamber 15 due to the rotation of this part of the supply tube. The twisted yarn 6 is removed over the outlet port 12. along the inner part of the funnel shaped body 19.

In case of the arrangement according to FIG. 5 there is no supply tube and the fibres, supplied in the shape of a bundle enter directly the channel 21 in the stationary cover 9 which terminates in the neighbourhood of the collecting surface 7 of the rotating spinning chamber 4.

ln FIG. 6 we use an elevation of a schematic layout of the obiect of this invention, including the supply device `for the textile staple material, the rotating spinning chamber and the take-0E device. All said devices are xed on the top of a case Ztl. A bracket 21 on the top of this case /Ztl7 supports the supply rolls 1 and a pulley 22. A second bracket 23 supports a casing 24 with the stationary cover 9, provided with an extension 2S for fixing the supply tube 3. Within the casing 24 there is the spinning chamber 4, in which the funnel shaped boidy 11 is inserted, the outlet 2.6 of -this body for the removal of the yarn extends out of the casing 24.

There is furthermore the winding-on means 27 with a driving and distributing cylinder 28, a pressure lever 29, a spool 3d with the yarn bobbin 31 and a pulley 32. lnside the case Ztl, there is an electric motor 33 and brackets 3d, 35 supporting the shafts 36, 37. On the shaft 38 of the electric motor 33 the pulleys 39, 40, 41, vare keyed on, on the shaft 36 the pulleys 42, 43 and on the shaft 3/ the pulleys 44, 4S. The rotating spinning chamber 4 is connected with a pulley 46. The said pulleys are linked by belts 47, 48, 49, 5l), 5l.

The whole arrangement according to FIG. 6 is driven by an electric motor 33, from the shaft 38 of which the torque is transmitted over the pulley 39 and the belt 47 to the pulley 46 of the spinning chamber 4, over the pulley 4t), the belt 48 and he pulley 42 to the shaft 36 and from its pulley 43, over the belt 491 to the pulley 22 of the supply rolls l and finally over the pulley 41, the belt Stb to the pulley 44 land over the shaft 37, fthe pulley 45, the belt 5l to the pulley 32 of the driving `and distributing cylinder 2S of the winding-on device 217.

The Itextile staple mate-rial 2 is supplied by the supply rolls 1 to fthe supply tube 3, over which it is by the air stream generated by the spinning chamber 4 conveyed to the spinning chamber 4, whe-re it is in the already described vJay deposited and the twisted yarn 6 is passed over the outlet 26 of the funnel shaped body lll and taken-off by the winding-on device Z7. The driving and distributing cylinder 28 distributes the yarn along the whole length of the bobbin 3l and drives the spool 30 with the bobbin 3l, pressed by means of the pressure arm 29 against the driving and distributing cylinder 28.

We claim:

l. A method for the continuous manufacture of yarn from textile staple material wherein first lthe libres of the textile staple material are separated from a libre bundle due to the action of an air stream and deposited in the shape of a band on the collecting surface of a rotating spinning chamber where said band is twisted to form a twisted yarn, and an additional false twist is given to said yarn due to the different speed of the twisted yarn at the place of its forming and fthe speed of an enlarged part of a `funnel shaped body within the rotating spinning chamber, `from the opposite narrowed part of which the twisted yarn is taken off.

2. A device which is designed to provide an additional false twist of a yarn within a spinning chamber in the course of its manufacturing from textile staple material comprising in combination:

(a) supply `means for the textile staple material,

(b) a rotating spinning chamber,

(c) a stationary cover for said spinning chamber,

(d) a funnel -shaped body within said spinning chamber,

(e) said funnel shaped body arranged coaxially with the axis `of rotation of said spinning chamber,

(f) said lfunnel shaped body narrowing in the take off direction of the twisted yarn,

(g) the enlarged opposite end of said funnel shaped body terminating behind the collecting surface -for the supplied libres inside the rotating spinning chamber,

(lz) said funnel shaped body being stationary,

(i) means for transmitting a rotational movement to said spinning chamber,

(j) means yfor creating a draft of air due to the rotation of said spinning chamber,

(k) the draft of air created due to the rotation of said spinning chamber adapted to take along fibres from the supplied staple material and to deposit them on the collecting surface inside said spinning chamber, and

(I) take-oli means for the twisted yarn.

3. A device which is designed to provide an additional false twist of a yarn within a spinning chamber in the course of its manufacturing from textile staple material comprising -in combination:

(a) supply means for the textile staple material,

(b) a rotating spinning chamber,

(c) a stationary cover for said spinning chamber,

(d) a funnel shaped body within said spinning chamber,

(e) said funnel shaped body arranged co-axially with the axis of rotation of said spinning chamber,

(f) said funnel shaped body narrowing in the take-off direction of the twisted yarn,

(g) the enlarged opposite end of :said funnel shaped body terminating behind the collecting surface for the supplied fibres inside the rotating spinning chamber,

(Il) said funnel shaped body rotating with a speed different lfrom that of said spinning chamber,

(i) means for transmitting a rotational movement to said spinning chamber,

(j) means for creating a draft of air due to the rotation of said spinning chamber,

(k) the draft of air created due to the rotation of said spinning chamber adapted to take along ibres from the supplied staple material and to deposit them on the collecting surface inside said spinning chamber,

(l) and take-off means for the twisted yarn.

4. A device which is designed to provide an additional false twist of the yarn within a spinning chamber in the course cfr' lits manufacturing from textile staple material comprising in combination:

(a) supply means for the textile staple material,

(b) a rotating spinning chamber,

(c) a `stationary cover for said spinning chamber,

(d) a supply tube for the textile staple material supported by said stationary cover,

(e) part of said supply tube from the place of passage through said cover towards the collecting surface within the spinning chamber being straight,

(f) a funnel shaped 'oo-dy within said spinning chamber,

(g) said funnel shaped body arranged coaxially with 'the axis of rotation of said spinning chamber,

(it) said funnel shaped body narrowing in the take-olf direction of the twisted yarn,

(i) the enlarged opposite end of said funnel shaped body rterminating behind the collecting surface for the supplied fibres inside the rotating spinning chamber,

(j) said funnel shaped body adapted to have la circumferential speed diferent from that of said spinning chamber,

(k) means for transmitting rotational movement to said spinning chamber,

(I) means for creating a draft of air due to the rotation of said spinning chamber,

(m) the `draft of air created due to the rotation of said spinning chamber adaped to take along fibres from the supplied staple `material and to deposit them on |the collecting surface inside said spinning charnber, and

(n) take-olf means for the twisted yarn.

5. A `device which is designed to provide an additiond false twist of a yarn within a spinning cham-ber in the course of its manufacturing from textile staple material comprising in combination:

(a) supply means for the textile staple material,

(b) a rotating spinning chamber,

(c) a stationary cover for said spinning chamber,

(d) a supply tube for the textile staple material forming at least partly a channel of said cover,

(e) said channel being substantially straight and terminating close tto the collecting surface of said rotating spinning chamber,

(f) a Afunnel shaped body within said spinning chamber,

g) said lfunnel shaped body arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation of said spinning chamber,

(h) said funnel shaped body narrowing in the take-olf `direction of the twisted yarn,

(i) the enlarged opposite end of said Ifunnel shaped body terminating behind the collecting surface for the supplied fibres inside the rotating spinning chamber,

(j) said funnel shaped body adapted to have a circumlerential speed different from that of said spinning chamber, Y

(k) means for transmitting rotational movement to said spinning chamber,

(l) means for creating a dlr-aft of air due to the rota- 5 tion of said spinning chamber,

(m) fthe dra-ft of air created due to the rotation of said spinning chamber being adapted to take along fibres ifrom the Supplied staple material and to deposit them on the collecting surface inside said spin- 10 ning chamber, and

(n) take-off means for the twisted yarn.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Gross Jan. 14, 1930 Honig lune 19, 1951 Pa-Vek June y12, 1962 FOREIGN PATENTS Austria Mar. 26l 1962 Switzerland May 16, 1950 

1. A METHOD FOR THE CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURE OF YARN FROM TEXTILE STAPLE MATERIAL WHEREIN FIRST THE FIBRES OF THE TEXTILE STAPLE MATERIAL ARE SEPARATED FROM A FIBRE BUNDLE DUE TO THE ACTION OF AN AIR STREAM AND DEPOSITED IN THE SHAPE OF A BAND ON THE COLLECTING SURFACE OF A ROTATING SPINNING CHAMBER WHERE SAID BAND IS TWISTED TO FORM A TWISTED YARN, AND AN ADDITIONAL FALSE TWIST IS GIVEN TO SAID YARN DUE TO THE DIFFERENT SPEED OF THE TWISTED YARN AT THE PLACE OF ITS FORMING AND THE SPEED OF AN ENLARGED PART OF A FUNNEL SHAPED BODY WITHIN THE ROTATING SPINNING CHAMBER, FROM THE OPPOSITE NARROWED PART OF WHICH THE TWISTED YARN IS TAKEN OFF. 